The Yellow wire sounds like some one has used something else attached to the bike.There shouldn't be any wires attached to the battery poles except the heavy duty Positive and negative feeds.
I get what you mean now about the ground wire to the frame.One of mine was attached by only a few strands so I cut it at the frame as it was too hard to get to.Then measured the length I would need and got and fitted one from an AutoZone type shop.They usually have them in varying lengths.I think it was about 13" but measure what you need and I attached it to a good point at one of the Regulator/Rectifier bolts to the frame.
You should be able to test the starter on a battery by putting the Positive wire from the starter to the positive side of the battery and grounding the back end bare part of the starter to the negative side.


